With the CentOS changes, everyone in the community was afraid of the changes imposed after years on the distribution by IBM, so this week the company decided to migrate all servers that currently use Centos 7 to Oracle Linux 8 influenced by my technical arguments and consolidated information from years using Oracle Linux for database, so I’m writing the script in a simple way
the migration process from Centos 7 to Oracle Linux 7 and upgrade to Oracle Linux 8. Always remember to approve all services, packages and applications before migrating the production servers, only in this way will it be possible to measure the impact on the production environment, we will use for this migration the Leapp utility.
The Leapp utility is a framework for updating and upgrading operating systems as well as applications. The utility’s component packages enable the creation of different workflows into profiles for updating software.
Leapp operations consist of two phases: a preupgrade phase that runs checks on the system to determine if the software can be upgraded. The second phase is the actual upgrade itself, whose process is based on configuration files that map packages between previous and current versions of the software.
Note
Currently, the Leapp utility is used to upgrade the operating systems only, specifically, from the current Oracle Linux 7 release to the current Oracle Linux 8 version. The procedures in this document do not apply to and are unsupported on any other operating systems or versions.
1 – Confirming that our Oracle Linux version is 7.
[root@srvv001 ~]# cat /etc/*-release | grep PRETTY
PRETTY_NAME="Oracle Linux Server 7.9"
2 – Survey all services or applications currently used in the environment.
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl list-unit-files --state=enabled
UNIT FILE STATE
auditd.service enabled
autovt@.service enabled
chronyd.service enabled
crond.service enabled
dbus-org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.service enabled
dbus-org.freedesktop.nm-dispatcher.service enabled
dmraid-activation.service enabled
getty@.service enabled
irqbalance.service enabled
libstoragemgmt.service enabled
lvm2-monitor.service enabled
microcode.service enabled
NetworkManager-dispatcher.service enabled
NetworkManager-wait-online.service enabled
NetworkManager.service enabled
ol-consolebaud.service enabled
postfix.service enabled
rhel-autorelabel.service enabled
rhel-configure.service enabled
rhel-dmesg.service enabled
rhel-domainname.service enabled
rhel-import-state.service enabled
rhel-loadmodules.service enabled
rhel-readonly.service enabled
rngd.service enabled
rsyslog.service enabled
smartd.service enabled
sshd.service enabled
sysstat.service enabled
systemd-readahead-collect.service enabled
systemd-readahead-drop.service enabled
systemd-readahead-replay.service enabled
tuned.service enabled
waagent-network-setup.service enabled
waagent.service enabled
dm-event.socket enabled
lvm2-lvmetad.socket enabled
lvm2-lvmpolld.socket enabled
rpcbind.socket enabled
default.target enabled
multi-user.target enabled
remote-fs.target enabled
runlevel2.target enabled
runlevel3.target enabled
runlevel4.target enabled
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl list-units --type=service --state=running
UNIT LOAD ACTIVE SUB DESCRIPTION
auditd.service loaded active running Security Auditing Service
chronyd.service loaded active running NTP client/server
crond.service loaded active running Command Scheduler
dbus.service loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus
getty@tty1.service loaded active running Getty on tty1
hypervkvpd.service loaded active running Hyper-V KVP daemon
irqbalance.service loaded active running irqbalance daemon
libstoragemgmt.service loaded active running libstoragemgmt plug-in server daemon
lvm2-lvmetad.service loaded active running LVM2 metadata daemon
network.service loaded active running LSB: Bring up/down networking
NetworkManager.service loaded active running Network Manager
polkit.service loaded active running Authorization Manager
postfix.service loaded active running Postfix Mail Transport Agent
rngd.service loaded active running Hardware RNG Entropy Gatherer Daemon
rsyslog.service loaded active running System Logging Service
serial-getty@ttyS0.service loaded active running Serial Getty on ttyS0
smartd.service loaded active running Self Monitoring and Reporting Technology (SMART) Daemon
sshd.service loaded active running OpenSSH server daemon
systemd-journald.service loaded active running Journal Service
systemd-logind.service loaded active running Login Service
systemd-udevd.service loaded active running udev Kernel Device Manager
tuned.service loaded active running Dynamic System Tuning Daemon
waagent.service loaded active running Azure Linux Agent
webmin.service loaded active running LSB: web-based administration interface for Unix systems
3 – Stop all existing workload like database or web servers.
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl stop mysql
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl status mysql
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl stop zabbix-server
[root@srvv001 ~]# systemctl status zabbix-server
4 – Disable Secure Boot if it is running.
[root@srvv001 ~]# sudo bootctl status
System:
Machine ID: 97da09219a2d42489c8b8f748e6d2fb7
Boot ID: 0047229b30834535b9a87057d59677c7
No suitable data is provided by the boot manager. See:
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/BootLoaderInterface
http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Specifications/BootLoaderSpec
for details.
## OR ##
...
Secure Boot: disabled
...
[root@srvv001 ~]# sudo mokutil --sb-state
SecureBoot disabled
5 – Verify that the locale is set to en_US.UTF-8.
[root@srvv001 ~]# cat /etc/locale.conf
LANG="en_US.UTF-8"
# If necessary, edit the file to set the locale accordingly.
sudo localectl set-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
6 – If your system has network mounted file systems, unmount them and comment out related entries in the /etc/fstab file.
[root@srvv001 ~]# umount /BACKUP
7 – If you installed the yum-plugin-versionlock package, clear any packages with locked versions.
[root@srvv001 ~]# yum versionlock clear
8 – Obtain the latest Oracle Linux 7 packages.
[root@srvv001 ~]# yum update -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
No packages marked for update
9 – Restart the server after updates.
[root@srvv001 ~]# sudo reboot
10 – Install the Leapp utility while enabling certain repositories, as follows:
[root@srvv001 ~]# sudo yum install -y leapp --enablerepo=ol7_leapp,ol7_latest
Installed:
leapp.noarch 0:0.12.1-1.0.1.el7_9
11 – Running the Preupgrade, Edit PermitRootLogin to yes.
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/ssh/sshd_config | grep PermitRootLogin
##PermitRootLogin yes
## the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
PermitRootLogin yes # <============================
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart sshd
[root@srvv001 leapp answer --section remove_pam_pkcs11_module_check.confirm=True --add
12 – Generating report for analysis and validation before upgrading from Oracle Linux 7 to Oracle Linux 8.
12.1 – Preupgrade check On Premise Sytem
leapp preupgrade --oraclelinux
12.2 – Preupgrade check OCI
leapp preupgrade --oci
12.3 – Preupgrade check Repositories
leapp preupgrade --enablerepo
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# leapp preupgrade --oraclelinux
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================
Install 187 Packages
Upgrade 500 Packages
Remove 60 Packages
Downgrade 15 Packages
Total size: 687 M
Total download size: 610 M
Downloading Packages:
Check completed.
==> Processing phase `Reports`
====> * verify_check_results
Check all dialogs and notify that user needs to make some choices.
====> * verify_check_results
Check all generated results messages and notify user about them.
============================================================
UPGRADE INHIBITED
============================================================
Upgrade has been inhibited due to the following problems:
1. Inhibitor: Missing required answers in the answer file
Consult the pre-upgrade report for details and possible remediation.
============================================================
UPGRADE INHIBITED
============================================================
Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-preupgrade.log
============================================================
REPORT
============================================================
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt
============================================================
END OF REPORT
============================================================
Answerfile has been generated at /var/log/leapp/answerfile
13 – Read the report output files to understand which packages, libraries or applications might be affected or possible issues that should be evaluated before the summer upgrade.
============================================================
UPGRADE INHIBITED
============================================================
Upgrade has been inhibited due to the following problems:
1. Inhibitor: Missing required answers in the answer file
Consult the pre-upgrade report for details and possible remediation.
14 – Apply recommended fixes.
[root@srvv001 leapp]# leapp answer --section remove_pam_pkcs11_module_check.confirm=True --add
15 – Applying the upgrade from Oracle Linux 7 to Oracle Linux 8.
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# leapp upgrade --oraclelinux --verbose
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 33 MB/s | 610 MB 00:18
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
The downloaded packages were saved in cache until the next successful transaction.
You can remove cached packages by executing 'dnf clean packages'.
16 – If your session goes down, follow the logs generated in the directory.
[root@srvv001 leapp]# cd /var/log/leapp/
[root@srvv001 leapp]# ls -lat
total 1872
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 153514 Oct 23 14:53 leapp-report.txt
drwx------. 3 root root 170 Oct 23 14:53 .
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 160300 Oct 23 14:53 leapp-report.json
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1571178 Oct 23 14:53 leapp-upgrade.log
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 49 Oct 23 14:53 answerfile.userchoices
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 501 Oct 23 14:53 answerfile
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8593 Oct 23 14:51 dnf-plugin-data.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 86 Oct 23 14:27 archive
17 – Evaluate and analyze reports after version migration.
============================================================
END OF ERRORS
============================================================
Debug output written to /var/log/leapp/leapp-upgrade.log
============================================================
REPORT
============================================================
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.json
A report has been generated at /var/log/leapp/leapp-report.txt
============================================================
END OF REPORT
============================================================
18 – When performing the validation I found the errors below, to solve it I had to remove the sysvinit-tools package.
STDERR:
Warning: Packages marked by Leapp for install not found in repositories metadata: rpcgen
RPM: warning: Generating 6 missing index(es), please wait...
Error: Transaction test error:
file /usr/sbin/pidof from install of procps-ng-3.3.15-6.0.1.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/bin/last from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/bin/mesg from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/bin/wall from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/last.1.gz from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/mesg.1.gz from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
file /usr/share/man/man1/wall.1.gz from install of util-linux-2.32.1-27.el8.x86_64 conflicts with file from package sysvinit-tools-2.88-14.dsf.el7.x86_64
19 – Solution by removing the package.
[root@srvv001 leapp]# yum remove sysvinit-tools*
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# leapp upgrade --oraclelinux --verbose
19 – Restart the server.
[root@srvv001 yum.repos.d]# sudo reboot
20 – Checking the current version of the installed kernel and OS version.
[root@srvv001 ~]# cat /etc/*-release | grep PRETTY
PRETTY_NAME="Oracle Linux Server 8.4"
[root@srvv001 ~]# uname -r
5.4.17-2136.300.7.el8uek.x86_64
21 – Update and upgrade of packages.
[root@srvv001 ~]# dnf update -y
[root@srvv001 ~]# dnf upgrade -y
22 – Links:
https://www.oracle.com/br/linux/
https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/8/leapp/chap-leapp-prep.html
https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/8/leapp/about-leapp.html#features
https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/8/leapp/chap-leapp-upgrade.html#leapp-answerfile
https://docs.oracle.com/en/operating-systems/oracle-linux/8/leapp/about-leapp.html#kernel-support
...::: Data SQL :::... 
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